Insights

11 | 03 | 2024

A/B Testing & Beyond: Understanding Campaign Optimization

Written by

Dave Foster

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The great irony of digital marketing is that you need to put a tremendous amount of effort into crafting a detailed strategy but, at the same time, you have to be prepared to pivot once your strategy is live. Pulling from insightful data and past experience, digital marketers must be willing to pull levers and make adjustments in pursuit of optimization.

After all, no one knows what your audience responds to quite like your audience. It would be unwise to ignore what they’re telling you through their actions (or lack thereof) and remain stagnant when insight-backed changes could improve conversions.

To jump-start your journey into digital strategy iteration, we’ll discuss some foundational best practices as well as walk through both pre- and post-click campaign optimizations.

Optimization = Measurement + Action

Digital marketing has many benefits compared to traditional channels, from pinpoint targeting to the diversity of options. Two of the strongest advantages are the ability to measure performance in great detail and the freedom to make changes on the fly that can be implemented in an instant. However, many digital marketers leverage only half of that duo — collecting data and producing detailed reporting, but stopping short of turning that insight into action. Instead, they often make only one choice when reviewing campaign data: whether or not to keep the campaign running.

This thinking can be quite wasteful, both in terms of the time spent building the campaign and the ad spend that’s been abandoned. In nearly all cases, there is some success or insight revealed through data that can illuminate the path forward. No matter what, you know more now than you did at the campaign’s launch. That knowledge should be used to iterate, not restart.

Digital marketing without data-informed optimization is like throwing darts with your eyes closed. You’re making adjustments based purely on intuition rather than insight and not really improving your chances of success.

Tip: Optimize, But Don’t Tinker

In addition to your quantitative and qualitative measures of success, a major element of your campaign optimization strategy is frequency. Once you understand all of the levers you can pull, there is a natural tendency toward tinkering — making minute adjustments to several aspects of a campaign to see if performance goes up or down. Tests have to be conducted thoughtfully, with only a few choice attributes adjusted. The only way to know if a change yields positive results is to isolate it. For example, if you change the headline and photo in a piece of ad creative, and then make tweaks to targeting, you have no way of knowing which adjustment actually made a difference. So you don’t know which change to cascade through the rest of your campaign.

Do pick an element, make a change, test the change and determine success.
Do not change several elements and guess which made a difference.

Tip: Be Measured in Your Response

Another tendency we see with testing is underfunding the effort and then overreacting to the results. Like campaigns themselves, campaign optimizations require time and investment to produce meaningful results. Nothing of significance can be learned overnight, and our general recommendation is to run a test for a minimum of two weeks before determining your next course of action.

An example of overreacting to testing results, particularly after a brief test, might be the following:

You ran an A/B test measuring the success of blue versus gray background colors. Because blue performed 1% better than gray after a few days, you’ve decided that your marketing team is forbidden from using gray backgrounds going forward. The issues here are that the test was too short, the variable too subjective and the results too nebulous. Just because you ran a test doesn’t mean you have to act.

Do give your tests a reasonable runway and accept that they might be inconclusive.
Do not make sweeping decisions based on small tests or negligible success.

A finger reaches out to press a red button on a white keyboard labeled TEST

Suggested Adjustments and Tests

While this list isn’t exhaustive, it provides a great place to start with marketing campaign optimization. For categorization, we’ve divided the topics into two groups: pre-click and post-click. The pre-click category includes everything that happens prior to a user interacting with an ad, ranging from targeting to creative. Post-click covers the experience a user has after they’ve interacted with an ad, primarily focusing on landing page interactivity and identifying drop-off points.

Pre-Click Optimizations

Creative A/B Testing
Identify and isolate individual attributes of your creative assets to find what works best for your audience. Test alternate versions of individual attributes against one another over a period of two to eight weeks, really decide which won out (and why), and then let that data inform what you create going forward. Everything from messaging to colors and photos to typography and type size is fair game.
Ad Frequency Capping
With any campaign, there is a point of diminishing returns with ad frequency when you transition from being top of mind to being a mild annoyance. At the same time, you can’t risk making no impression at all. There is no definitive best practice for ad frequency, so test adjustments until your ideal balance is struck.
Targeting and Segmentation Adjustments
This is a straightforward tip that gets ignored surprisingly often: When you identify which assets stand out from the crowd, start shifting ad budget to the winning formula. Then carry whatever is working with that asset through work that needs some elevation. Turn one win into several.
High-Performing Asset Prioritization
As with your market-facing creative, no matter how much strategy informs your targeting and segmentation approach, you have to be willing to pivot when the data starts rolling in. Maybe your targeted titles are too broad or too narrow. Maybe your existing assumptions on peak engagement times are now outdated. No matter what, be open to adjusting targeting and segmentation; you may have the right message reaching the wrong audience.

“Marketing’s job is never done. It’s about perpetual motion. We must continue to innovate every day.”

– Beth Comstock, former CMO and vice chair, GE

Post-Click Optimizations

Landing Page Conversion Optimization
Pay attention to conversion rates, time on page, heat-mapping data, scroll-mapping data and any other tools at your disposal to assess the effectiveness of your landing page. Are users confused by the page? Are you asking too many questions on the form? Does the page perform well on mobile? Unlike the rest of your digital real estate, a landing page has a singular goal: to convert. If it isn’t converting, start testing adjustments until it is.
Full Website Conversion Optimization
Optimizing an entire website is a more complicated task than doing the same for a single landing page, but the same tools of the trade apply. The difference is you have more diverse audiences, a few distinct possible user journeys and the fact that not every user has the same starting point. If you understand the handful of critical conversions your website is designed to drive, you can work backward from those points and uncover the weak links in your website and address them.
High-Performing Content Prioritization
Just like ad creative, the data will tell you explicitly which pieces of website content are creating value for you and which are getting ignored. In addition to shining a spotlight on the high achievers, learn from what worked and apply it going forward. Does your audience respond to listicles and advice? Are they looking for innovative thought leadership? Do they respond more to case studies than blog posts? Are they fans of infographics over narratives? Prioritizing high-performing content also means being intentional about its production.
User Drop-Off Point Identification
This is the closest thing B2B marketing websites have to cart abandonment. While your website is supposed to seamlessly navigate a user to a conversion action, sometimes the wheels fall off mid-journey. Rather than just accepting a website conversion rate as if it’s unchangeable, take advantage of user journey mapping tools to understand where prospects are falling off and how you can rescue their experience going forward.

Our hope is that this overview provides you with the information and inspiration you need to level-up your digital campaign optimization processes.

The message we’d like to leave you with is this: No matter how well strategized a campaign is, there is no such thing as “set it and forget it” in digital marketing. Even if the data proves your previous assumptions wrong, insight-driven optimization is always the wisest course of action.

Looking to bring your digital marketing efforts into focus?

AvreaFoster provides full-service digital marketing capabilities to B2B brands that value clarity — in terms of results, communication and how well we understand your business. Reach out to our team to start the conversation.

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